The Getty Villa(Visit the ancient world of Greece and Rome) - October 17, 2015

 

The Getty Villa

Visit the ancient world of Greece and Rome

https://www.getty.edu/visit/villa/ 

 

Constructed in the early 1970s, the Getty Villa is modeled after a first-century Roman country home.

고대 지중해 문화유산을 볼 수 있는 Getty Villa는  역사와 예술 그리고 자연을 공부할 수 있는 여러가지 자료를 제공한다.  오늘은 고등학생들과 함께 'Art History Field Trip'을 왔다.  실습공간이 있어서 고대미술가와 미술품에 대해 간접 체험해볼 수 있고 미술품 탐정카드를 이용하면 학생들의 호기심도 자극해준다. 다양한 조각상들을 이용해 직접 그림을 그려보는 것도 좋은 경험이 된다. 그리고 시각에 문제가 있는 방문자들은 직접 만져보고 체험을 할 수 있는 준비도 되어 있다.

 

 

옛날 요새(fortification) 처럼 바닷가 입구에서는 아무것도 안 보이고 주차장까지 올라와야 뭐가 보인다.

우리를 실고 온 버스/황금마차는 저 언덕위로 올라가던데 운전수가 알아서 하겠지.

 

 

아, 아까워라! 사진에 바다와 하늘 색이 똑 같으니 어쩔꼬....

 

 

 

 

The Getty Villa is home to the J. Paul Getty Museum's antiquities collection. Here you'll find art from the ancient Greek and Roman world dating from 6,500 B.C. to A.D. 400.  Over 1,200 antiquities are on view in 23 galleries at the Villa. These include monumental sculptures as well as artifacts of everyday life. The entire collection numbers approximately 44,000 antiquities.  Specially designed spaces house treasures such as luxury vessels, Cycladic figures, coins, gems, and jewelry. https://www.getty.edu/visit/villa/art.html

 

Statue of Jupiter (Marbury Hall Zeus)

Portrayed as a mature bearded man, Zeus sits enthroned in his role as king of the gods. Originally he would have held his attributes: a scepter and a thunderbolt. The colossal god towers over his mortal observers. 
This Roman statue dates to the first century A.D., but certain stylistic features in the carving, especially in the face and hair, reveal that it reproduces an earlier, Hellenistic Greek statue. Its model was a statue made by a school of sculptors based in the city of Pergamon in the 100s B.C.  

 

Statue of Faustina the Elder

Annia Galeria Faustina, known as Faustina the Elder, was the wife of Antoninus Pius, who ruled the Roman empire from A.D. 137 to 161. She probably married Antoninus Pius about A.D. 110 and they had four children. The marriage appears to have been quite loving compared to others in the Imperial family. Although she died twenty years before him, Antoninus Pius did not remarry. on her death in A.D. 141, Antoninus Pius declared Faustina divine and built a temple in her honor in the Roman Forum. 

 

 Statue of Hercules (Lansdowne Herakles) - Marble 

The Greek hero Herakles carries a club over his left shoulder and holds a lionskin in his right hand. These objects help identify the figure, since Herakles nearly always appears with a club and the skin of the Nemean Lion, which he killed as his first labor. As is typical for depictions of Greek heroes, the young Herakles is shown nude, since the Greeks considered male nudity to be the highest form of beauty. No other god or hero is as frequently depicted in Greek and Roman art as is Herakles. 

The Lansdowne Herakles very likely was inspired by a lost Greek statue, probably from the school of Polykleitos from the 300s B.C. Found near the ruins of the villa of the Roman emperor Hadrian at Tivoli outside Rome, this statue was one of numerous copies of Greek sculpture commissioned by Hadrian, who loved Greek culture. The statue was named for Lord Lansdowne, who once owned the Herakles and displayed it in his home in London. http://www.getty.edu/art/collection/objects/6549/unknown-maker-statue-of-hercules-lansdowne-herakles-roman-about-125/

 

Mosaic Floor

 

State of Leda with the Swan

Greek mythology tells the story of Leda, a mortal woman and queen of Sparta who caught the eye of Zeus, king of the gods. Zeus had frequent affairs with mortals and often disguised himself as an animal in order to avoid angry husbands and fathers. He appeared to Leda in the form of a swan, who here is drawn by Leda into her lap while she holds up a sheltering cloak. 
Found in 1775 in Rome, this statue is a Roman copy of an earlier Greek statue from the 300s B.C. attributed to Timotheos. More than two dozen copies of this statue survive, attesting to the theme's popularity among the Romans. The contrast of the clinging transparent drapery on Leda's torso, especially over her left breast, and the heavy folds of cloth bunched between her legs characterizes Timotheos's style. The statue both conceals and reveals the female body: a tension often found in sculpture of the 300s B.C., before actual female nudity became acceptable.   http://www.getty.edu/art/collection/objects/6550/unknown-maker-statue-of-leda-and-the-swan-roman-1st-century/

 

 Marble bust of the Roman Emperor Commodus (ruled A.D. 180–192).

In portraiture, busts are abbreviated stand-ins for a figure's full body. Providing the portrait head with visual and physical support, they are also designed to express the sitter's status through clothing (or lack thereof) and other attributes. Busts thus become an integral part of a portrait's message. After centuries of exploration and innovation, the canonical shape of the bust as we know it was developed by Roman stone sculptors in the first half of the 2nd century A.D., and it has essentially not changed since.

From bottom to top, busts in stone have, principally, a four-part structure: the base; the nameplate; the bust proper, and, of course, the head. The Getty Commodus is a perfect example of a design that has remained a constant in western art. It can therefore serve as a guide to the elements that make a bust, ancient or modern, and the terms used for them (defined below).  http://www.getty.edu/art/exhibitions/commodus/roman_bust.html

Golden Wreath with detached stem including leaves and detached berries.

 

Prize Vessel from the Athenian Games Greek Make in Athens 363-362 B.C.

그

 

Kouros - Greek, about 530 B.C. or modern forgery, Marble

A kouros(youth) is a statue of a standing nude youth that did not represent any one individual youth but the idea of youth. Used in Archaic Greece as both a dedication to the gods in sanctuaries and as a grave monument, the standard kouros stood with his left foot forward, arms at his sides, looking straight ahead. Carved in from four sides, the statue retained the general shape of the marble block. Archaic Greek sculptors reduced human anatomy and musculature in these statues to decorative patterning on the surface of the marble. 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Getty_kouros 

 

우리는 흔히 8등신 체격, 초콜릿 복근, 뚜렷한 이목구비를 갖춘 미남을 가리켜 흔히들 "그리스 조각 같다"고 한다. 그러나 그리스 조각이 처음부터 훤칠한 미남자였던 것은 아니다. 이곳 The Getty Villa 박물관이 소장한 Kouros는 미남과는 거리가 먼 초기 그리스 조각의 원형을 보여준다. 

'쿠로스(Kouros)'란 '젊은이'라는 뜻의 그리스어로, 기원전 600년경부터 제작된 젊은 남성의 누드상을 일컫는 용어다. 쿠로스는 대체로 실제 인물 크기를 웃도는 대리석상으로, 긴 머리에는 띠를 두르고, 양팔을 옆구리에 붙인 채, 왼쪽 다리를 앞으로 내밀고 서 있는 모습이 전형적이다. 많은 쿠로스가 아폴로신을 섬기는 신전에 봉헌되거나, 죽은 자를 추모하기 위한 비석처럼 쓰였고, 일부는 영웅적인 운동선수를 기념하기 위해 만들어졌다. 쿠로스의 정형화된 포즈와 누드가 지니는 의미, 구체적인 기능에 대해서는 아직도 연구가 진행 중이다. 쿠로스는 지나치게 큰 눈을 부릅뜨고 입술을 어색하게 다물고 있다. 상하좌우 대칭으로 그린 듯한 근육과 뻣뻣한 팔다리는 조각이 실제 인체를 묘사했다기보다는, 사전에 정해진 규격과 공식에 맞춰 제작됐음을 보여준다. 어설프고 우스꽝스럽기까지 한 이 조각상 이후 그리스 조각은 놀랄 만큼 빠른 속도로 변화했다. 그리스인들은 끊임없이 인체의 구조와 운동의 역학을 연구하면서, 해부학적으로 정확하면서도 자연스럽고 이상적인 인물상을 창조해냈다. 우리에게 익숙한 미남 조각들은 그렇게 탄생했다. 기존의 관습에 안주하지 않고, 인간에 대한 탐구를 지속한 것이 서양 문화의 원천이 된 그리스 문명의 힘이다.[출처] 조선닷컴

 

 

 

자신이 입은 갑옷이 같은 것이라고 설명을 해주고 사진을 찍으라고 이렇게 잠시 기다려주는 배려까지...

 

 

Early Cypriot (2300-1900 BCE) pottery - 청동시대의 유물[그리스]

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Cypriotic_pottery_in_the_Getty_Villa

http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/pcyp/hd_pcyp.htm

Cyprus - 사도행전[15장]에서 'Son of Encouragement'이라 불리는 Barnabas는 Saul(나중에 Paul)과 함께했고 성령이 충만했던 초대교회의 지도자이다. 그런데 훗날에 Barnabas간 John Mark의 잘못을 이해하고 새로운 기회를 주자는데 Paul이 동의 하지 않아 둘 사이에 큰 다툼이 일어났다. 결국 Paul은 북쪽 데살로니쪽으로 그리고 Barnaba와 John Mark는 배를 타고 Cyprus섬으로 복음을 전파하러 떠난다. 지중해의 북동쪽(그리스)에 있는 Cyprus섬이 성서에 나온 지역이라 이렇게 적어본다.

Although it covers an area of only 3,570 square miles, Cyprus, situated in the northeastern corner of the Mediterranean Sea, is the third largest island in this region of the ancient world, after Sicily and Sardinia. Its unique culture dates from as early as the end of the ninth millennium B.C., when the first permanent settlers may have arrived from southern Anatolia or the Syro-Palestinian coast, bringing with them an already developed culture. However, there is evidence for the presence of seasonal hunters of pygmy elephants and pygmy hippopotami before then, ca. 10,000 B.C. The earliest Neolithic settlers had an organized society based on agriculture and animal husbandry. Several of their settlements have been excavated throughout the island, including Khirokitia and Kalavasos near the southern coast. During the latter part of the Neolithic period (ca. 8500 B.C.–ca. 3900 B.C.), islanders began to work clay, making vessels which they baked and often decorated with abstract patterns in red on a light slip.

 

 

 

 

 

 

  

 

 

 

Mosaic Floor

 

 

 

 

The Villa includes details inspired by antiquity, such as these bronze lanterns, which are like those carried

along the streets of Pompeii in ancient times.

 

 

 

 

 

 

"In an effort to conserve water during California's drought,

 the Getty has turned off its water features."

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

내 digital camera로는 하늘과 바다가 분간이 안 된다.

Gardens are integral to the Getty Villa, as they were in the ancient Roman home. Open spaces around the site feature bronze sculptures, fountains, and lush plantings of trees, herbs, and flowers used by the Romans. Seen here: the Outer Peristyle Garden.

 

In an effort to conserve water during California's drought, the Getty has turned off its water features.

 

 

 

 

Lion Head Fountain

 

Renovation of the Getty Villa site began in 1996. Visitors now start their visit in an open-air Entry Pavilion and walk along a scenic pathway to the heart of the site. As they walk the path, visitors see the Villa from above, peeking through the trees.

 

Getty Villa Café 계단인데 벽돌로 알았었는데 가이드님 말씀이 돌을 이렇게 붙여놓았다고 한다.

어느 나라의 돌인지 묻지 않았다. 다음 방문시의 숙제로 미루고....

 

카페 앞에 앉아서 동쪽을 바라보니... 이 건물도 뭔지 모르니 다음 방문시 숙제로 미룬다.

 

 

Olive Trees

 

오늘 화씨 85도 인데 그래도 가을이라고 포도넝쿨에 가을 빛이...

이곳 Southern California에서는  추수감사절 쯤이라야  가을다운 가을을 볼 수 있다.

 

 

석류나무

 

석류(Pomegranate) - 고국에도 많지만 캘리포니아, 중동지방, 세계 곳곳에서 자란다. 

요즘 남캘리포니아는 여름 처럼 더운데도 계절 따라 한쪽에서는 익어가고 한쪽에서는 꽃이 핀다.

 

 

 

 

http://www.getty.edu/art/exhibitions/collectors_choice/

Main entrance

빙빙 돌며 우리끼리 구경하다 이제 안내원을 따라 박물관으로 다시 들어간다.

 

 

 

 

The Inner Peristyle provides an intimate resting spot at the center of the J. Paul Getty Museum.

 

 

 

 

따라로운 가을 햇빛에 실거운 로즈마리 Rosemary.

 

왜 관중석에서 연습을 하는지.... ?

 

야외극장

The view from the Cafe is the Barbara and Lawrence Fleischman Theater,

an outdoor classical theater based on ancient prototypes and added to the site in the 1996 renovation.

 

 

Venus[1820], Roman goddess of love, caught by surprise while bathing. It is a marble COPY of a sculpture by Antonio Canova (Italian, 1757-1822), who was by a famous ancient sculpture. Displayed in a niche and framed by a small-scale temple façade, this statue has been selected by the Museum to offer the opportunity to learn through touch.

목욕을 막 하고 나온 비너스라서 만져도 된다고 한다. ^^  이건 농담이고요.

출구에 세워진 모조품 비너스인데 방문객들이 만지도록 "만져보시오! (PLEASE TOUCH!)"라고 간판까지 붙여놓았다. 직접 만지고 느끼라는데 시력에 문제가 있는 사람들도 직접 체험을 할 수 있어서 좋다.  http://www.getty.edu/visit/villa/plan/accessibility.html

A recreation of an ancient Roman country house, the Getty Villa offers a taste of life in the first century A.D.

A Roman Villa Recreated—early 1970s.

The Getty Villa is modeled after a first-century Roman country house, the Villa dei Papiri in Herculaneum, Italy.The building was constructed in the early 1970s by architects who worked closely with J. Paul Getty to develop the interior and exterior details. http://www.getty.edu/visit/villa/architecture.html  

http://blog.daum.net/coffeebreak53/2479 - 작년 4월에는.....